{"id":10071,"date":"2023-10-24T19:55:22","date_gmt":"2023-10-24T22:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extrimian.io\/glossary\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T17:32:58","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T20:32:58","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/extrimian.io\/es\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Glossary<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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A<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ABI<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ABI is an acronym for Application Binary Interface, and it is an interface between two binary program modules at the level of machine code, not source code. Blocknative can monitor smart contract ABIs in real-time.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Address (noun)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A unique string of numbers or text appointing a wallet\u2019s location on a blockchain.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Access (adjective)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Principle of Self-Sovereign Identity. Users must have easy and direct access to their own data.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Access Tokens (noun)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Grants access to premium features on a platform or to a commmunity. The token is a tradable membership for exclusive experiences<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Airdrop (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Crypto projects use this marketing technique to send their tokens (e.g. coins and NFTs) directly to wallets to raise awareness.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Alpha (noun)<\/span>
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Valuable advice, recommendations, or info given by someone in a position of knowledge.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Altcoin or Als (noun)<\/span>
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Refers to cryptocurrency that is not Bitcoin such as newer projects with a smaller market cap. Alts is short for Altcoins.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Agent<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A representative of an identity. It\u2019s possible that require the use of a wallet. May support transfer.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authentic Chained Data Container Taks Force (ACDC)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The purpose of the ACDC Task Force, is to draft a TSS (ToIP Standard Specification) that defines the standard requirements for the semantics of Authentic Provenance Chaining of Authentic Data Containers.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ambient Verifiability<\/span>
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Verifiable by anyone, anywhere, at anytime. E.g. Ambient Duplicity Detection describes the possibility of detecting duplicity by anyone, anywhere, anytime.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Autonomic Identifier<\/span>
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An identifier that is self-certifying and self-sovereign<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Autonomic Namespace\n<\/span>
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A namespace that is self-certifying and hence self-administrating. ANs are therefore portable = truly self sovereign.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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API<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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API is an acronym for Application Programming Interface which is an interface between computers or programs that allows information to pass between them.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Asymmetric encryption\n<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The encryption key (also called the public key) and the corresponding decryption key (also called the private key) are different. Asymmetric encryption is also known as public-key encryption.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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App Review\n<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An incentive mechanism for application developers in the early stage (first four years) of the ecosystem and helps with bootstrapping the two-sided market.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ATH & ATL (noun)\n<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ATH is short for \u2018all-time high\u2019. The highest price point an asset has ever had. ATL is short for \u2018all-time low\u2019, the lowest price point an asset has ever had.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Artificial Intelligence -AI-\n<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The theory and development of computer systems that can perform tasks \u2014 often using natural language processing (NLP), machine learning and natural language understanding (NLU) \u2014 that normally require human intelligence, comprehension and understanding.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Archival Nodes\n<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An archival node is a full node in the blockchain that keeps a complete history of transactions and address state changes since the genesis block. Blocknative enables users to see archival mempool information on public blockchain networks.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Augmented Reality -AR-<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Technology, using involving glasses, visors, goggles or smartphones, that superimposes a computer-generated image on a user\u2019s view of the actual world, providing a composite view that often includes perceptual information.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Avatar<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A computerized icon or figure which represents a person, pet or entity in video games, internet forums, games, chat rooms, virtual reality and other channels.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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B<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Base Fee<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The base fee is an algorithmically determined fee that users on the Ethereum blockchain must pay to complete a transaction. The base fee is designed to help smooth transaction fees and prevent sudden spikes by targeting 50% full blocks. Depending on how full the new block is, the Base Fee is automatically increased (the block is more than 50% full) or decreased (the block is less than 50% full).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bear Market (noun) & Bearish (adjective)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A market is bearish when there is a prolonged downward pricing trend and a pessimistic outlook. Sometimes purposely misspelled as beras.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bid<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The bid price represents the maximum price that a buyer is willing to pay for an NFT or token.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Block (noun)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A block is a batch of data transactions stored on the blockchain.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Blockchain (noun)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A digital list of data records. Records are called blocks which are organized in chronological order, linked together like a chain, and secured using cryptography.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Block Explorer (noun)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A tool used to examine detailed information on blockchains. (E.g. Etherscan for the Ethereum transactions)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Block Gas Estimator Feed<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The Block Gas Estimator Feed estimates gas prices for the next block based upon the in-flight transactions that are currently in the mempool (pre-chain transactions). With Blocknative\u2019s Gas Platform, Dapp and wallet developers can integrate gas estimation feeds directly into their product. Ethereum blockchain).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Buidl (noun, verb)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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meaning \u2018build\u2019, a misspelling on purpose used in crypto communities just like HODL (hold).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bull Market (noun) & Bullish (adjective)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A market is bullish when there is a prolonged upward pricing trend and an optimistic outlook.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Burn (verb)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A strategy where tokens or other digital assets like NFTs are removed from a circulating supply to influence price and demand. Bitcoin and Ethereum don\u2019t have this, but many other Altcoins do.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bitcoin <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A decentralized, digital cryptocurrency that doesn\u2019t rely upon a central bank or trusted source which can be transferred from user to user on a peer-to-peer network using blockchain technology.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bitcoin (BTC) address<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A string of letters and numbers like: 3E53XjqK4Cxt71BGeP2VhpcotM8LZ853C8<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Sharing this address allows anyone to send Bitcoin to the address.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Blockstack Browser<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A deprecated application for accessing identity and storage.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Blockstack Owner Address<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Looks like a bitcoin address but starts with ID for example: ID-1J3PUxY5uDShUnHRrMyU6yKtoHEUPhKULs<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Burning<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Burning a token means that the token is transferred to an address that is a black hole\u2014one that is not owned by any entity and for which guessing the applicable private key is effectively impossible based on known mathematical principles. This effectively destroys the token by making it unavailable for future use and decreases the total number of tokens available from that point forward.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bootstrapping<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Refers to the process of starting up a computer system.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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C<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cancel Transactions<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A cancel transaction is a type of replacement transaction where a user submits an identical transaction with a higher gas limit so it is mined before the previous transaction. Once the new replacement transaction is confirmed, the original transaction will get dropped. Blocknative\u2019s mempool monitoring tools can track replacement transactions in real-time.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Centralized (adjective)\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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In a centralized network, there is a central authority that governs and handles the network.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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CEX or Centralized Exchange (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An exchange handling cryptocurrency managed by a centralized business. (E.g. Coinbase, Kraken)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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CeFi or Centralized Finance (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Centralized businesses participating in crypto. (E.g. BlockFi<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Coin (noun)\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cryptocurrency built on its own native blockchain, with the purpose to store value and serves as an medium of exchange within that specific ecosystem. (E.g. ETH, BTC)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cold Wallet (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A hardware device used to store cryptocurrency.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Confirmed Transaction<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A confirmed transaction is a transaction that has been included in a block and permanently added to the blockchain.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Consent (adjective)\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Principle of Self-Sovereign Identity. Users must give explicit permission for an entity to use or access their data. The process of expressing consent should be interactive and well-understood by people.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Consensus (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A collective judgment in which data processors, called nodes, come to an agreement to verify new transactions and blocks to be added to the blockchain. This process is used by consensus mechanisms such as proof of work and proof of stake.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Consensus hash\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A consensus hash is a cryptographic hash that each node calculates at each block. It is derived from the accepted state transitions in the last-processed block, and a geometric series of prior-calculated consensus hashes.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Consensus rules<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The rules governing the creation of new valid records in a blockchain database, and the mining algorithms used for this purpose.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Control plane\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The part of a network that carries signaling traffic and is responsible for routing. Control packets originate from or are destined for a router. Functions of the control plane include system configuration and management.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Controller<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The entity that has the capacity to make changes to an identity, cryptocurrency or VC (verifiable credential).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Control Authority<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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In identity systems Control Authority is who controls what and that is the primary factor in determining the basis for trust in them. The entity with control authority takes action through operations that affect the creation (inception), updating, rotation, revocation, deletion, deletion, and delegation of the authentication factors and their relation to the identifier.

How these events are ordered and their dependence on previous operations is important. The record of these operations is the source of truth for the identity system.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Correlation<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An identifier used to indicate that external parties have observed how wallet contents are related. For example, when a public key is reused, it conveys that some common entity is controlling both identifiers. Tracking correlation allows for software to warn when some new information might be about to be exposed.<\/span><\/p>

How these events are ordered and their dependence on previous operations is important. The record of these operations is the source of truth for the identity system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Control (adjective)\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Principle of Self-Sovereign Identity. People must have ultimate authority over their digital identities and personal data.<\/span><\/p>

How these events are ordered and their dependence on previous operations is important. The record of these operations is the source of truth for the identity system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Custodial and Non-Custodial Wallets<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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At the core of every crypto wallet is a public and private key pair. Asymmetric cryptography is at the backbone of all distributed ledgers and web3 technologies; without it, no distributed ledgers would exist. Your private key is used to authorize your transactions and receive information. Whoever has the private key of a wallet can access funds and authorize transactions. The private key is critical. The public key is hashed and then used as your wallet address.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

The distinction between a custodial and non-custodial wallet is who manages your private keys. If you manage your private keys, the wallet is referred to as a non-custodial wallet because no one has custody of your wallet except you. If a third party controls your private keys, then the wallet is a custodial wallet.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Creator Economy<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A class of businesses made up of content creators, curators and community builders which enable the content producers to monetize their creations.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Credential<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A credential is an order or document that attests or authorizes the qualification, competence or authority granted to an individual by a third party with de jure or de facto authority.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cryptocurrency (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A digital currency designed for use as money within a digital ecosystem. It is a medium of exchange, storing value, etc. They are maintained by blockchains.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cryptography (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The computerized practice of encoding and decoding information for secure communication.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cypherpunk (verb)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Someone who believes in the use of cryptography to affect social and political change through privacy by cryptography. (E.g. Satoshi Nakamoto, anonymous founder of Bitcoin.)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Crypto wallet\n<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A physical or digital device, computer application or smartphone app that stores the public and\/or private keys for cryptocurrency transactions, including sending, receiving, buying, selling, swapping of cryptocurrencies and NFTs and digitally signing information<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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D<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Data breach<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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When an unauthorized person or party steals, views, transmits, copies, or uses information.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DApp or Decentralized Application (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A software application that runs on a distributed network. It\u2019s not hosted on a centralized server, but instead on a peer-to-peer decentralized network.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DAO<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A Digital Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO, pronounced like the Chinese concept) is a powerful and very flexible organizational structure built on a blockchain.Alternatively, the first known example of a DAO is referred to as\u00a0The<\/i>\u00a0DAO. The DAO served as a form of investor-directed venture capital fund, which sought to provide enterprises with new decentralized business models. Ethereum-based, The DAO\u2019s code was open source. The organization set the record for the most crowdfunded project in 2016. Those funds were partially stolen by hackers. The hack caused an Ethereum hard-fork which lead to the creation of Ethereum Classic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DApp or Decentralized Application (noun)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An open source software application with backend (not user-facing) code running on a decentralized peer-to-peer network, rather than a centralized server. You may see alternate spellings: dApps, DApps, Dapps, and \u0110apps.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A software application that runs on a distributed network. It\u2019s not hosted on a centralized server, but instead on a peer-to-peer decentralized network.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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decentralized exchange (DEX)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A decentralized exchange is a platform for exchanging cryptocurrencies based on functionality programmed on the blockchain (i.e., in smart contracts). The trading is peer-to-peer, or between pools of liquidity. This is in contrast with a centralized exchange, which is more akin to a bank or investment firm that specializes in cryptocurrencies. Additionally, there are so-called\u00a0on-ramp providers<\/i>, who could be compared to currency brokers, exchanging traditional \u201cfiat\u201d money for cryptocurrencies, and do not hold customer\u2019s funds \u201con deposit\u201d the way a centralized exchange does. There are important technical and regulatory differences between these, which are constantly evolving.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Decentralized Finances (DeFi)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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If cryptocurrency is Web3\u2019s monetary system, its financial system is DeFi. This includes familiar concepts like loans and interest-bearing financial instruments, as well as so-called \u201cDeFi primitives\u201d, novel solutions like token swapping and liquidity pools.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Decentralized Identifier (DID)<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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If cryptocurrency is Web3\u2019s monetary system, its financial system is DeFi. This includes familiar concepts like loans and interest-bearing financial instruments, as well as so-called \u201cDeFi primitives\u201d, novel solutions like token swapping and liquidity pools.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Decentralized Identity Foundation (DIF)<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DIF is an engineering-driven organization focused on developing the foundational elements necessary to establish an open ecosystem for decentralized identity and ensure interop between all participants.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Deposit (web 3)<\/span>
<\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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In most web3 contexts, \u2018depositing\u2019 refers to the act of transferring some amount of token(s) to an address other than one\u2019s own, most often to a smart contract controlled by a \u2018protocol\u2019, such as a decentralized exchange, video game or multiverse, DAO, etc. Generally, the user will receive something in return for their deposit, and the deposit can be claimed at the user\u2019s discretion, or upon completion of given conditions. Compare with \u2018stake\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Derive \/ Derivation <\/span>
<\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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To derive something is to obtain it from an original source. In the context of crypto-technology, we often discuss \u201cderiving\u201d wallets and accounts from seed phrases (aka Secret Recovery Phrases, or SRPs). This is literally true: the SRP represents a cryptographic key which is used to derive account addresses\u00a0deterministically,<\/i>\u00a0meaning they will be derived the same way each time. Another, more technical, way of referring to this technology is to refer to \u201chierarchical deterministic\u201d wallets.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Devcon<\/span>
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This is shorthand for the\u00a0Ethereum Developers\u2019 Conference<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Digital Asset<\/span>
<\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A digital commodity that is scarce, electronically transferable, and intangible with a market value.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Digital Credential \n<\/span>
<\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A digital credential functions similarly to the physical certificates or ID cards you might carry in your wallet. It’s an electronic record that verifies your qualifications, skills, clearances, or status. For instance, it might certify that you have completed a particular course, graduated from a specific school, or are qualified for a certain job, much like a driver’s license confirms your driving ability.<\/span><\/h5>
However, unlike traditional paper or plastic forms, a digital credential is a secure digital file. It incorporates advanced security features that ensure its authenticity and integrity, making it trustworthy and resistant to tampering. You can easily and swiftly distribute it via the internet, and it’s safeguarded against unauthorized copying or alterations.\u00a0<\/h5><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Digital Identity<\/span>
<\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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An online or networked identity is adopted by an individual, organization, or electronic device.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Digital Signature<\/span>
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A code generated by public key encryption and attached to an electronically transmitted document to verify the contents of the document.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A type of cyber-attack in which the perpetrator continuously overwhelms the system with requests in order to prevent service of legitimate requests.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Distributed Ledger<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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A type of database which spreads across multiple sites, countries, or institutions. Records are stored sequentially in a continuous ledger. Distributed ledger data can be either \u201cpermissioned\u201d or \u201cunpermissioned\u201d, determining who can view it. This term is used, often, to refer in general to public blockchain technology, as \u2018crypto\u2019 has come to mean \u2018cryptocurrency\u2019, \u2018web3\u2019 is the collective community, and \u2018blockchain\u2019, after all, is \u201cjust\u201d the data structure used to sync the distributed ledger itself<\/i>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a digital system for recording the transaction of assets in which the transactions and their details are recorded in multiple places at the same time. Unlike traditional databases, distributed ledgers have no central data store or administration functionality.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Double Spend<\/span>
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The \u2018double spend\u2019 is the benchmark security concern of blockchain networks: how do we ensure that someone doesn\u2019t send the same transaction to two different entities, essentially \u201cspending their money twice\u201d? This is the cornerstone of the\u00a0consensus mechanism<\/i>, ensuring that all nodes of the network are \u201cin agreement\u201d about which assets are allocated to which addresses, on an ongoing basis, to prevent malicious actions such as a double spend.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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E<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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EIP (Ethereum Improvement Proposal)<\/span>
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The EIP process is a public and open process through which suggestions are made as to how to change (and hopefully, improve) the way the Ethereum network functions as a whole; the official repository is\u00a0here<\/a>. Individual EIPs are referred to by the name assigned to them in the repository, for example,\u00a0EIP-1559<\/a>. Keep in mind that as it is an iterative, lengthy process, some EIPs never get fully approved, and some do, and many end up somewhere in a gray area of \u2018partially implemented\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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encrypted vs unencrypted keys<\/span>
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As discussed elsewhere, public and private cryptographic key pairs are one of the technologies that underpins cryptocurrencies and \u201ccrypto\u201d tech in general. In MetaMask, for example, an unencrypted private key is 64 characters long, and it is used to unlock or restore wallets. An encrypted key is also 64 letters long and is a regular private key that has gone through the process of encryption. Usually, encrypted private keys are kept within the extension or device they are encrypted by, and they remain out of sight from the user. This is meant to add another layer of security to keep a user\u2019s wallet information safe. By way of example: if the wordunderpin \u2018Apple\u2019 was your private key, then it was encrypted three letters down the alphabet, your new encrypted key would be \u2018Dssoh\u2019. Since you know the way to encrypt this key, you could derive the original private key from it by reversing the method of encryption.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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encryption<\/span>
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Encrpytion, literally \u2018in a hidden place\u2019, is the art and science of encoding information to control who can read it, or how it is to be read. Encryption occurs in natural (human) languages, as well as in machine and computer languages. Highly complex, and therefore difficult to decipher, encryption is an essential element enabling blockchain networks<\/a> to be simultaneously public and secure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA)<\/span>
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A group of Ethereum core developers, startups, and large companies working together to commercialize and use Ethereum for different business applications. Website here<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Entropy<\/span>
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In the context of cryptography, \u2018entropy\u2019 refers to \u2018randomness\u2019; generally, the more random something is (the more entropy it has), the more secure it is.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Entropy<\/span>
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In the context of cryptography, \u2018entropy\u2019 refers to \u2018randomness\u2019; generally, the more random something is (the more entropy it has), the more secure it is.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Epoch<\/span>
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An epoch, in general, is a measure of time, or of blockchain progression, on a given blockchain. In Ethereum Proof of Stake<\/a>, an epoch consists of 32 slots, each lasting 12 seconds, for a total of 6.4 minutes per epoch. There is additional functionality built upon the epoch measure in the Beacon Chain to help ensure security and proper operation of the Chain.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ERC-20 Token Standard<\/span>
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ERC is the abbreviation for Ethereum Request for Comment<\/i><\/a> and is followed by the assignment number of the standard. ERC-20<\/a> is a technical standard for smart contracts which is used to issue the majority of tokens (in particular, cryptocurrency tokens) extant on Ethereum. This list of rules states the requirements that a token must fulfill to be compliant and function within the Ethereum network.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ERC-721 Token Standard<\/span>
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As stated above, this is another standard<\/a> for Ethereum smart contracts, which allows for the issuance of a non-fungible token<\/i>: this is the standard that created what we all now know as an NFT. This token standard is used to represent a unique digital asset that is not interchangeable<\/span>, as opposed to the ERC-20 (or other equivalent) standard, which issues identical, interchangeable tokens<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ether (ETH)<\/span>
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Ether is the native currency of the Ethereum blockchain network. Ether\u2014also referred to as ETH (pronounced with a long \u201ce\u201d, like \u201cteeth\u201d without the \u201ct\u201d)\u2014functions as a fuel of the Ethereum ecosystem by acting as a medium of incentive and form of payment for network participants to execute essential operations. The cryptocurrency of Ethereum has a lowercase e. The plural of ether is just ether; its abbreviation is ETH, with a space:\u00a0I have 10 ETH<\/i>. (nice!)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ether (denominations)<\/span>
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There are a number of denominations of the currency we know as \u2018ether\u2019 or ETH; for the definitive explanation, see the original Ethereum Homestead documentation\u00a0here<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ethereum<\/span>
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A public blockchain network and decentralized software platform upon which developers build and run applications. As it is a proper noun, it should always be capitalized.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Etherscan<\/span>
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A popular website for analyzing activity on the Ethereum blockchain. See \u2018blockchain explorer\u2019.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ENS (Ethereum Name Service)<\/span>
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The Ethereum Name Service<\/a> is a protocol, managed by a DAO, which assigns human-readable and easy-to-remember addresses to Ethereum addresses and assets, homologous to the traditional internet\u2019s DNS.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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ERC (Ethereum Request Comment)<\/span>
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Ethereum Request for Comment, or ERC, is a bit of a misnomer, as it is used to refer to suggestions for modifications that have already made it through the Ethereum Improvement Protocol (EIP) process and have been made standard on Ethereum. An ERC is, essentially, a set of standards for a given operation or topic on the Ethereum network. The authoritative list can be foundhere<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)<\/span>
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The EVM is a\u00a0virtual machine<\/a>\u00a0that operates on the Ethereum network. It is Turing complete and allows anyone, anywhere to execute arbitrary EVM bytecode. All Ethereum nodes run on the EVM. It is home for smart contracts based on the Ethereum blockchain.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Exchange<\/span>
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A place to trade cryptocurrency. Centralized exchanges, operated by companies like Coinbase and Gemini, function as intermediaries, while decentralized exchanges do not have a central authority.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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F<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Faucet<\/span>
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A faucet is an application, sometimes a very simple website, other times more complex, that dispenses cryptocurrency. While some networks, especially those in early launch stages, offer \u201creal Mainnet\u201d tokens via faucets, it is much more common for a faucet to be present on a test network, or testnet. These faucets are used by developers to test out dapps or smart contracts before deploying them on Ethereum Mainnet, or users who want to practice an action on the blockchain with no risk. Tokens dispensed by a test faucet stay on the test networks and\u00a0cannot be exchanged for mainnet equivalents<\/b>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Federated Identity Management System (FIMS) <\/span>
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Allows organizations to share identity information across different platforms using a single sign-on (SSO) process, similar to using a Facebook or Google account to access various services.<\/p>

While FIMS simplifies user access and can enhance security, it also presents challenges:<\/p>